The Insider

By Dan Dupont
July 15, 2025 at 1:29 PM

Trump administration trade policies are alienating allies and hampering U.S. attempts to counter China, Senate Foreign Relations Committee Democrats charge in a new report that says tariffs also are hurting the U.S. defense industrial base.

The minority members say their 91-page report, “The Price of Retreat: America Cedes Global Leadership to China,” was informed “by committee travel to Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe, interviews with aid workers, subject matter experts, foreign officials and open-source research.” It says Trump policies, including tariffs, are “chipping away” at alliances, making the U.S. less secure and heightening the risks of “devastating conflict.”

“Ceding key export markets allows China to box out American workers, manufacturers, and other businesses and allows China to write unfair rules of the road for global trade,” the panel’s Democrats say in a foreword.

The report devotes several pages to trade policy, contending that the U.S. is best positioned to challenge China when it closely coordinates with allies -- but charging that the Trump administration’s tariff policies are undermining its ability to ensure a unified front.

President Trump’s “so-called ‘reciprocal’ tariff policy imposes tariffs on allies and adversaries alike, which severely undermines the United States’ ability to build off these examples and coalesce our allies and partners around challenging Beijing,” it states.

While Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent has said the U.S. and its allies should finalize bilateral trade deals and then approach China “in unison,” the administration has yet to secure promised agreements and is continuing to threaten high tariffs, the Senate Democrats say. “These actions hamper any American attempts to build a united coalition to counter Beijing and leaves Americans and international partners alike wondering if the future of the global economy will be written by Washington or Beijing.”

In addition, tariffs “are causing immediate harm to the U.S. defense industrial base,” they write. “Tariffs against steel and aluminum have increased lead times for parts and components that are critical for U.S. weapons systems, including the F-16 program, the High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems (HIMARS) and other systems critical for U.S. military preparedness.”

Trade policies also are “forcing” other countries to assess whether to draw closer to China, the report contends.

“Ultimately, America’s strategic advantage over our adversaries is our network of alliances and partnerships,” the report concludes. “The Trump Administration’s tariff policies and their devastating impact on economic partnerships risk undermining this advantage. When these policies push our allies and partners closer to China, we should not be surprised to see Beijing ready to welcome them with open arms.”

By Tony Bertuca
July 15, 2025 at 11:18 AM

The House Armed Services Committee has begun marking up its version of the fiscal year 2026 defense authorization bill in an annual session that is expected to last well into the night.

The committee is posting amendments here in real time. Inside Defense will post all successful amendments when the mark-up is complete.

Watch Inside Defense for potential news emerging from the hearing.

By Tony Bertuca
July 14, 2025 at 5:06 PM

President Trump, after months of fruitless negotiations with Moscow, today announced the United States will support foreign military sales to Ukraine financed by NATO allies.

The weapons, which include Patriot batteries with PAC-3 interceptors, will be transferred to Ukraine and backfilled by NATO nations and should begin arriving in Ukraine in the coming days, Trump said.

The Pentagon did not provide a more detailed list of the weapons transfers and directed all questions to the White House.

“I’m disappointed in President Putin,” Trump said in the Oval Office today flanked by NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte.

Trump, who campaigned on bringing a swift end to the war between Ukraine and Russia, said he believes a peace deal could have been achieved “two months ago.”

“We are very unhappy with Russia,” Trump said, adding the administration is “going to be doing very severe tariffs if we don't have a deal in 50 days.”

TD Cowen analyst Roman Schweizer wrote in a note to clients that U.S. foreign military sales have already hit a historic high of $80.5 billion, 22% of which involves NATO members.

“Additional NATO sales should increase that even further,” he said.

Rutte, meanwhile, said this new announcement represents “only the first wave” of new military assistance to Ukraine, promising that “there will be more.”

“This is, again, Europeans stepping up,” he said, referencing NATO nations’ recent pledge to put 5% of their gross domestic products toward defense.

The move marks a significant policy reversal for Trump, especially considering the Pentagon recently paused U.S. weapons transfers to Ukraine and abruptly changed course when ordered to do so by the president, who at the beginning of his term had tense public discussions with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky.

By John Liang
July 14, 2025 at 2:23 PM

This Monday INSIDER Daily Digest has news on improving missile defense targets, the Pentagon's Office of Strategic Capital and more.

House lawmakers are seeking improvements in missile defense targets:

House subcommittee seeks review of aerial target strategy in missile defense testing

A key House panel is pushing the Pentagon to modernize its missile defense aerial targets, citing the need for more realistic and repeatable simulations of increasingly sophisticated threats. The move comes as the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) seeks to transform how it acquires and fields test targets and as lawmakers prepare to advance the House Armed Services Committee’s fiscal 2026 defense policy bill.

Both House and Senate defense policy bills have language related to the Pentagon's Office of Strategic Capital:

Lawmakers poised to let DOD credit program lead office collect 'project-specific' transaction fees

Policymakers on the House and Senate Armed Services committees are preparing to allow the Pentagon's credit office to collect fees from loan and loan guarantee borrowers following a late June legislative proposal from the Defense Department asking lawmakers to grant the office additional authorities.

The draft Senate authorization bill has a new provision in it related to tactical wheeled vehicles:

Draft Senate defense policy bill would force the Army back to the drawing board on tactical wheeled vehicles

Senate authorizers have advanced a defense policy bill that would require the Army to submit a new tactical wheeled vehicle strategy report three years early after the Army Transformation Initiative rendered its first plan moot.

Funding for unmanned aircraft and counter-drone systems is distributed across at least 214 separate program lines, according to a Real Time Defense analysis of fiscal years 2025 and 2026:

DOD drone spending surges across 214 budget lines as Hegseth orders mass fielding

While the Pentagon has a new plan for "drone dominance," you won't find the effort concentrated in one part of the defense budget.

After passing the bill last week, the Senate Armed Services Committee is still determining exactly where shipbuilding funds will be directed:

Senate policy bill would add $8.6 billion to shipbuilding account

The Senate Armed Services Committee aims to increase shipbuilding spending with its fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill, congressional officials told reporters today, saying the legislation authorizes approximately $8.5 billion above the levels requested by the Navy and supported by House authorizers.

By Theresa Maher
July 14, 2025 at 1:40 PM

Anthropic, Google and xAI are set to receive awards worth up to $200 million from the Pentagon's leading data and artificial intelligence office and partner with the agency to develop AI-enabled systems designed to perform complex tasks with minimal human supervision, the Defense Department announced today.

The news comes just under a month after the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Office revealed OpenAI would be among several leading machine intelligence companies receiving up to $200 million to develop agentic AI workflows across key mission areas.

It also delivers on remarks a CDAO official made to Inside Defense that several more such partnerships with frontier AI companies were coming down the pipeline.

Establishing the partnerships will enable the Defense Department to broaden its use of and experience with cutting-edge AI capabilities and increase the companies’ understanding of critical national security needs, which would help both leverage AI capabilities from the commercial sector to address those needs, CDAO said.

“Leveraging commercially available solutions into an integrated capabilities approach,” Chief Digital and AI Officer Doug Matty said, “will accelerate the use of advanced AI as part of our joint mission essential tasks in our warfighting domain as well as intelligence, business, and enterprise information systems.”

xAI said in a release today that its agreement with the Pentagon office is part of a broader initiative called “Grok for Government,” billed as “a suite of frontier AI products available to United States Government customers.” The initiative is named after Grok, the company’s AI-enabled assistant.

The company is owned by Elon Musk, the former lead for the cost-cutting “Department of Government Efficiency” who left government service in late May after less than six months. Musk also owns spacecraft manufacturer SpaceX, which is considered a “disruptor” in the defense technology community as the recipient of multiple DOD contracts worth billions of dollars.

By Dan Schere
July 14, 2025 at 1:20 PM

The Army's Combat Capabilities Development Command and the Navy Department's Operational Energy Office will hold an industry day next month on developing safety standards for battery technologies, the government announced in a notice last Friday.

The Aug. 13 event, to be held at Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD, will focus on “battery demand drivers,” developing Defense Department battery standards and lithium battery safety thresholds and “safety mitigation solutions,” according to the notice.

There will also be a discussion on how the Army, Navy and Marine Corps will use batteries to power emerging technology priorities such as unmanned aerial systems and shipboard hybrid propulsion.

Industry participation will allow companies to give input on the “role of government in standardization of power systems and status of supply chain risk,” according to the notice.

Army officials, including Chief of Staff Gen. Randy George, said earlier this year following the Combined Resolve joint exercise in Germany, that the exercise demonstrated the limitations of operating newer technologies such as drones and combat vehicles in cold-weather conditions. George said at the time that service leaders were committed to investing more into developing better battery technologies and sending a demand signal to industry.

Companies must register for the industry day by Aug. 7.

By John Liang
July 14, 2025 at 5:00 AM

The House Armed Services Committee marks up the fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill and senior officials speak at a number of think tank events this week.

Monday

The Hudson Institute hosts a panel discussion with members of the House Republican Policy Committee on "Next Steps in U.S.-China Great Power Competition."

Tuesday

The House Armed Services Committee marks up its version of the fiscal year 2026 defense authorization bill.

Senate Appropriations military construction and veterans affairs subcommittee Chairman John Boozman (R-AR) speaks at a Hudson Institute event on "Drone Warfare and Securing America's Military Against Emerging Threats."

Senate Foreign Relations Committee Ranking Member Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH) speaks at a Center for Strategic and International Studies fireside chat on "U.S. soft power and competition with China."

Wednesday

Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Materiel Readiness Patrick Kelleher and Air Force Maj. Gen. David Sanford speak at a CSIS event on the importance of logistics for deterrence and military readiness.

By John Liang
July 11, 2025 at 2:59 PM

This Friday INSIDER Daily Digest has news on the fiscal year 2026 defense policy bills being debated in both chambers of Congress, as well as deep dives into military drone spending and more.

We start off with coverage of the Senate Armed Services Committee's fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill:

Senators add more than $30B to defense topline in annual policy bill

The Senate Armed Services Committee has voted 26-1 to advance a defense authorization bill that adds more than $30 billion to the White House request for fiscal year 2026, with most of the funds slated for shipbuilding and munitions, according to senior congressional officials and a summary released by the panel.

Senate policy bill would add $8.6 billion to shipbuilding account

The Senate Armed Services Committee aims to increase shipbuilding spending with its fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill, congressional officials told reporters today, saying the legislation authorizes approximately $8.5 billion above the levels requested by the Navy and supported by House authorizers.

Senate authorizers issue directives for unmanned technology development in draft defense bill

With a topline of nearly $925 billion, the Senate Armed Services Committee unveiled its draft fiscal year 2026 defense authorization bill that would prioritize Navy advancement in several areas, including unmanned technology.

Draft Senate defense authorization bill would shift counter SUAS mission from Army to OSD level

Senate authorizers want to shift the responsibility of counter small unmanned systems from the Army to within the Office of the Secretary of Defense, according to an executive summary of the "chairman's mark" of the draft defense authorization bill.

Document: Senators' FY-26 defense policy bill summary

House authorizers also were working on their version of the policy bill:

Congressional authorizers look to reverse E-7A Wedgetail cancelation

Lawmakers on the House Armed Services Committees may force the Trump administration to continue the E-7A Wedgetail program, even as the Defense Department sought to cut the effort in favor of similar space-based capabilities.

Draft legislation moves to cement Global Strike Command amid bomber reorg concerns

Draft legislation would lock in the Air Force's Global Strike Command as the central authority for nuclear and long-range strike operations, a proposal that directly responds to concerns raised earlier this year by the head of U.S. Strategic Command over a proposed bomber force reorganization.

Lawmakers want Navy to diversify sourcing for Mk-72 and Mk-104 rocket motors

House authorizers are seeking to rapidly diversify the pool of alternative manufacturers of Standard Missile-6 components -- including Mk-72 and Mk-104 rocket motors -- and are asking the Navy to expand efforts in missile production and sustainment.

Document: House 'chairman's mark' of the FY-26 defense policy bill

We move on to DOD spending on drones:

DOD drone spending surges across 214 budget lines as Hegseth orders mass fielding

While the Pentagon has a new plan for "drone dominance," you won't find the effort concentrated in one part of the defense budget.

Hegseth 'drone dominance' memo drives decision down, transfers DIU Blue List to DCMA

A new order from Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth includes several directives aimed at facilitating "rapid proliferation” of small uncrewed aerial systems across every military unit.

Document: Hegseth memo on drone dominance

News on the Air Force seeking to have its Collaborative Combat Aircraft work with F-22 fighters:

F-22 Raptor tapped as first fighter to pair with Air Force's autonomous drones

The Air Force wants to kick-off a Crewed Platform Integration program next year to pair its nascent Collaborative Combat Aircraft with F-22 Raptor jets, according to fiscal year 2026 budget request documents.

By Abby Shepherd
July 10, 2025 at 3:51 PM

The Navy has broken ground on a new subsea and seabed warfare facility to encourage further research, development, testing and evaluation of autonomous unmanned systems -- a move that follows increased focus from the service on unmanned technology in general.

The new facility at the Naval Surface Warfare Center, Panama City Division, FL, will support the service’s “crucial seabed warfare mission by accelerating the development and deployment of critical operational capabilities,” according to a Wednesday news release.

The center’s direct access to the Gulf of Mexico will allow for unmanned systems developed there to be easily launched and recovered, the release added.

"This project is about strengthening our ability to deliver critical solutions to the fleet," Capt. Paul Stence, Jr., NSWC PCD commanding officer, said in a statement. "The undersea domain is of increasing strategic importance, and this facility will enable us to maintain our competitive edge. The true strength of this building lies in the talented individuals who will work here. This project is a testament to the hard work and dedication of countless individuals who are supporting the warfighters both now and, in the future, and this facility will provide the tools and resources they need to excel."

Construction on the new facility begins as the Navy has taken a widespread approach to testing and improving upon unmanned technology -- including the use of a “confidence course” to test run unmanned underwater vehicles in Keyport, Washington. This course has held dozens of test runs in the past year, Submarine Forces Commander Vice Adm. Robert Gaucher said in March.

“We've taken a lesson from some of the self-driving cars, and in particular, when they built the Google car, they built a city in California to just practice driving the streets for autonomy purposes,” Gaucher said during a panel on autonomous undersea warfare at the Hudson Institute. “So, we've built our underwater version of that up in the Keyport area.”

By John Liang
July 10, 2025 at 2:48 PM

This Thursday INSIDER Daily Digest has extensive coverage of the House Armed Services Committee's draft defense policy bill.

The Army is prototyping the Tactical Intelligence Targeting Access Node (TITAN) with contractor Palantir Technologies, who is taking the lead on development:

House authorizers seeking details on TITAN development process

Lawmakers on the House Armed Services Committee worry the Army doesn't have a clear vision for its next-generation ground station for intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance, according to a draft "chairman’s mark" of the committee's defense policy bill obtained by Inside Defense Tuesday.

The language in this year's draft House policy bill aligns with the Marine Corps' recently revised plans for Landing Ship Medium procurement and with the Navy's FY-26 budget documents:

House authorizers back new LSM fielding plan, direct use of vessel construction manager

House authorizers are backing the Navy and Marine Corps' new approach to Landing Ship Medium procurement with their draft fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill, which directs the Navy secretary to utilize a commercial vessel construction manager to contract eight follow-on LSMs.

House lawmakers want the Navy secretary to certify to the congressional defense committees that the Modular Attack Surface Craft design "will be designed and constructed for the primary purpose of autonomous operation before the start of construction":

Lawmakers: Navy must certify MASC's autonomous ability before construction starts

The House Armed Services Committee's draft fiscal year 2026 defense authorization bill would implement restrictions on the construction of the Navy's new Modular Attack Surface Craft, as the program emerges as a joint solution between medium and large unmanned surface vessels.

The United States-Israel Defense Partnership Act of 2025, introduced by Rep. Joe Wilson (R-SC) in the House and Sen. Dan Sullivan (R-AK) in the Senate, would, among other things, establish new cooperative research and development programs and build on existing collaborations between the two nations:

Draft defense bill seeks new U.S. defense partnerships with Israel

The House Armed Services Committee's fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill includes provisions from bicameral legislation introduced earlier this year aimed at expanding the United States' defense partnership with Israel, according to an early draft of the bill obtained by Inside Defense.

The initial KC-135 Drone Delivery Mechanism was completed sometime in FY-24, but the FY-26 funding request appears to be the first time this feat has been disclosed:

Drones may soon launch off KC-135 tankers

The Air Force has quietly developed a capability to deploy small drones from its KC-135 Stratotanker fleet. Now it wants to create an acquisition plan to integrate the new function onto the 60-year-old aerial-refuelers, according to the service’s fiscal year 2026 budget request.

The draft House defense policy bill has lawmakers reacting to the Army's proposed transformation initiative:

Draft House defense authorization bill adds money for legacy Army aircraft

In spite of the Army Transformation Initiative's de-emphasis on manned helicopters, House authorizers have signaled for now that they intend to continue pumping dollars into some of those programs.

House authorizers take issue with ATI, ground robotics and vehicle maintenance in draft spending bill

House authorizers have scorned what they see as a lack of foresight from the Army in its rollout of the service's Transformation Initiative in their draft fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill, citing a lack of clarity and blueprints to back up the Army's major program switch-ups.

At least two Navy ship classes are facing delivery delays:

Initial Flight II LPDs face nine- to 11-month delays

The Navy is predicting delays of nine to 11 months for its first three Flight II San Antonio-class amphibious warships, according to the service’s fiscal year 2026 budget books, which point to workforce-related challenges.

Delivery of T-AGOS 25 delayed by four years

The delivery of the T-AGOS 25 anti-submarine warfare ship has been delayed by four years, according to the Navy's fiscal year 2026 budget request, which outlines various design challenges for the program.

Document: Navy's FY-26 procurement budget justification books

By Nick Wilson
July 10, 2025 at 1:39 PM

The Marine Corps is canceling efforts to develop a mobile fires system for Tomahawk missiles after early testing found the capability poorly suited to expeditionary environments, according to fiscal year 2026 budget documents.

The Long Range Fires (LRF) program aimed to equip a Remotely Operated Ground Unit for Expeditionary Fires (ROGUE-Fires) vehicle with a single-cell MK-41 vertical launch system to fire Tomahawk missiles, providing combatant commanders with a mobile system meeting land and maritime strike requirements.

However, after completing system development and running tests in FY-25, the Marine Corps concluded “the LRF system was not able to be employed in austere, expeditionary littoral environments” and decided to scrap the effort, budget documents state.

The program, which was established in FY-21 and achieved milestone B in FY-22, received about $30 million in research and development funding in FY-25. Last year, the Marine Corps predicted it would request another $15 million in FY-26.

Though the service is abandoning further LRF development, it continues to advance fielding plans for the Navy/Marine Expeditionary Ship Interdiction System (NMESIS), a similar mobile ground-launch system that fires Naval Strike Missiles (NSM) from the ROGUE-Fires vehicle.

The system, which provides forward forces with a mobile anti-ship capability, is an important piece of Marine Corps force design and is seen by the service as especially valuable in deterring China in the Indo-Pacific.

The FY-26 request seeks $207 million for the program and looks to initiate procurement of 32 NMESIS Block II systems. The request includes an additional $170 million to buy 90 NSMs for use in the NMESIS system.

Notably, the Marine Corps’ budget excludes procurement funds for the JLTV -- the manned vehicle that serves as the base for the robotic ROGUE-fires vehicle.

Though budget documents cite a delivery backlog as the reason for the procurement pause, the Army recently decided to divest from the joint JLTV program in a move that is expected to drive up unit costs and complicate the Marine Corps’ procurement picture for the vehicle going forward.

By Dan Schere
July 9, 2025 at 4:44 PM

The House Armed Services Committee, in its draft defense authorization bill, is asking the Army secretary to brief the committee on the possibility of using a multiyear procurement strategy for the Lower Tier Air and Missile Defense Sensor.

LTAMDS, the eventual replacement for the Patriot radar, has the ability to scan 360 degrees of battlespace and is meant to track advanced threats that fly at high speeds, such as hypersonic weapons.

The Army included $637 million for LTAMDS procurement in its fiscal year 2026 budget request, which will buy four of the systems according to budget justification documents. Additionally, the Army included $618 million to procure four additional sensors and ancillary equipment in the reconciliation bill that was recently passed by Congress.

LTAMDS recently transitioned to milestone C, and the Army plans to procure a total of 94 radars. The Pentagon’s inspector general has estimated the program will cost a total of $13 billion, $7.3 billion of which will be in procurement.

In the draft authorization bill, lawmakers have asked the Army secretary to brief the committee by April 1, 2026 on the “feasibility” of entering into a multiyear contract for LTAMDS. The briefing is to include a timeline of how long it will take to equip all Patriot battalions with the capability, as well as an analysis of at least two different multiyear contract options, at least one of which assumes an average of three battalions of radars per year, the legislation states.

The House authorizers are also asking for an estimate of potential cost and schedule savings that a multiyear contract would bring, along with information on impacts to the industrial base.

In his April 30 memo to the Army outlining the transformation initiative tenets, Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth wrote one potential contracting reform would be to expand multiyear procurement agreements “when cost-effective."

By John Liang
July 9, 2025 at 12:51 PM

This Wednesday INSIDER Daily Digest has news on the unfunded priorities lists submitted to Congress along with coverage of the draft FY-26 defense policy bill.

We start off with coverage of the services' and combatant commands' unfunded priorities lists:

Air Force submits whopping $9.9 billion unfunded priorities list with $4.1 billion for munitions procurement

The Air Force has sent Congress a $9.9 billion unfunded priorities list for fiscal year 2026, with nearly half of that request focusing on bolstering the service’s munitions inventory, according to documents obtained by Inside Defense.

Bulk of Space Force $6 billion unfunded priorities list would go to MILNET

More than half of the $6 billion in the Space Force's unfunded priorities list comes from a need for research and development on the MILNET satellite communications effort, according to the document obtained by Inside Defense.

SPACECOM submits $2.5 billion UPL

U.S. Space Command submitted to Congress a list of unfunded priorities for fiscal year 2026 totaling $2.5 billion, according to a cover letter obtained by Inside Defense.

CENTCOM submits $732M unfunded list; seeks prototyping authority

U.S. Central Command has sent Congress a $732 million unfunded priorities list, keying unmet needs in electronic warfare and tactical drones, while also seeking the authority to begin limited prototyping of emerging technologies in a bid to become a live "battle lab" for the Pentagon, according to documents obtained by Inside Defense.

STRATCOM submits $322 million UPL

U.S. Strategic Command submitted to Congress a fiscal year 2026 unfunded priorities list totaling $322 million with about a third of the dollars marked for a classified program.

Pentagon CTO sends $24.6M unfunded priorities list for FY-26 SBIR/STTR projects to Congress

The office of the under secretary of defense for research and engineering has sent Congress an unfunded priorities list totaling $24.6 million for what it deems to be the Pentagon's most critical Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer projects in fiscal year 2026, according to documents obtained by Inside Defense.

U.S. Northern Command seeks rapid investment in AI and border technology

U.S. Northern Command has identified more than $35 million in unbudgeted "priority" funding to jump-start artificial intelligence initiatives and surveillance improvements along the U.S.-Mexico border, according to a memo and accompanying justification documents obtained by Inside Defense.

Documents: FY-26 unfunded priorities lists

We also have coverage of the draft fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill:

House authorizers would restrict KC-46 deliveries until category 1 deficiency fixes are cleared

Under the House Armed Services Committee's draft version of the fiscal year 2026 defense policy bill, the Air Force would not be able to accept new production KC-46 Pegasus tankers until a plan is in place to correct all remaining category 1 deficiencies.

Draft defense bill would authorize procurement of two carriers, as questions of future viability and delays surround program

The House Armed Services Committee's draft fiscal year 2026 defense authorization bill would approve the procurement of two Ford-class aircraft carriers and allow for the use of incremental funding, while uncertainty surrounds the program’s future as the Navy seeks to remain competitive with China.

Document: House 'chairman's mark' of the FY-26 defense policy bill

An Army munitions program is facing production delays:

Army's 155mm production rate stalls, 100,000 per month mark delayed till spring 2026

The Army is still churning out 40,000 155mm artillery shells per month, a stalled rate that matches the pace the service announced it had hit nearly a year ago.

By Shelley K. Mesch
July 9, 2025 at 11:23 AM

The Air Force Research Laboratory is looking at whether it can sufficiently test its Rocket Cargo transport program somewhere other than the originally planned Johnston Atoll, according to a Federal Register notice posted today.

The Air Force had been preparing an environmental assessment to build two landing pads at the uninhabited U.S. territory in the Pacific Ocean to test and demonstrate Rocket Cargo. That announcement, made in March, said tests would begin later this year.

The notice today does not say why AFRL began assessing alternatives.

“During the period of abeyance, the Air Force Research Laboratory will consider whether there are available options for conducting the demonstration at a location other than Johnston Atoll,” the notice states. “The [Air Force Department] will continue to ensure full compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act and other applicable laws on this activity.”

The Air Force “has elected to hold the preparation of the Johnston Atoll environmental assessment for a proposed Rocket Cargo landing demonstration,” Air Force spokeswoman Laurel Falls told Inside Defense in an email. Another notice will be published if the service restarts the assessment or ultimately cancels it, she added.

Rocket Cargo is an AFRL Vanguard program intended to rapidly deliver military cargo to various points around the globe using rockets. The testing would include landing reentry vehicles at the selected site up to 10 times over the next four years.

The program plans to use commercial rockets for the transport missions. SpaceX won a $102 million contract for the program in 2022 to analyze SpaceX data and run demonstrations, the program manager said at the time.

AFRL is also working with Rocket Lab USA and Sierra Space on technologies associated with cargo payloads, containers and rockets, Rocket Cargo Program Manager Daniel Brown told Inside Defense. He said he expects the list of involved businesses to grow this year.

AFWERX and SPACEWERX are also supporting the effort through the small business innovation research programs, Brown said. Some of the small businesses taking part include Knight Aerospace, Inversion Space, Outpost Technologies and the Launch Company.

“We expect the SBIR activities and new opportunities will continue in the coming years to further expand the diversity of commercial capabilities,” he said.

Environmental advocates have pushed back against the plan at the Atoll, which is considered a national wildlife refuge.

The Center for Biological Diversity filed a lawsuit last month against the Air Force and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for failing to respond to a Freedom of Information Act request related to the decision, the Honolulu Star-Advertiser reported.

“Landing massive rockets in one of the most isolated and valuable habitats for seabirds would be as destructive and irresponsible as it sounds,” said Maxx Phillips, the center’s Hawaii and Pacific Islands director, in a statement. “That’s exactly why the military and SpaceX are trying to keep this project’s details hidden from the public. This project threatens to destroy a site that millions of seabirds need for nesting and overwintering, all in the name of military logistics and Elon Musk’s profit.”

By Tony Bertuca
July 8, 2025 at 5:31 PM

The Defense Department, at the direction of President Trump, will again begin sending U.S. weapons to Ukraine so it can continue to defend itself against an ongoing Russian invasion.

The weapons shipments, which were paused last week amid a global review of U.S. munitions, will “ensure the Ukrainians can defend themselves while we work to secure a lasting peace and ensure the killing stops,” according to a statement from chief Pentagon spokesman Sean Parnell.

“Our framework for POTUS to evaluate military shipments across the globe remains in effect and is integral to our America First defense priorities,” he said.

The Pentagon has not announced what weapons will be sent to Ukraine.

Trump announced the policy reversal on Monday, saying the Ukrainians “have to be able to defend themselves. They’re getting hit very hard now.”

Today at a Cabinet meeting, Trump was asked by a reporter who at the Pentagon ordered the weapons shipment be paused.

“I don’t know,” the president said. “Why don’t you tell me.”

Trump also said that U.S. peace negotiators are having a “lot of bullshit thrown at us” by Russian President Vladimir Putin.

“He’s very nice all the time, but it turns out to be meaningless,” Trump said.