The Insider

By Christopher J. Castelli
March 12, 2013 at 2:28 PM

Why did the threat of defense cuts not perform the forcing function many expected by motivating Congress to avoid sequestration? The answer has less to do with defense and more to do with entitlements, panelists said this morning at a budget discussion sponsored by Ogilvy Washington and InsideDefense.com.

The "real story" is not so much about defense but that Congress was willing to permit huge defense budget cuts because it was unwilling to grapple with tough challenges posed by growing entitlements, said former House Budget Committee Chairman Jim Nussle (R-IA), who led the Office of Management and Budget under former President George W. Bush after leaving Congress. Lawmakers have yet to make the toughest debt-reduction choices, which concern entitlement and tax reform, said Robert Bixby of the Concord Coalition.

By Jason Sherman
March 11, 2013 at 8:33 PM

The Navy has tapped Rear Adm. Kevin Donegan to lead its Quadrennial Defense Review team.

The appointment was “officially” made last week, Lt. Cmdr. Chris Servello told InsideDefense.com. Donegan, a test pilot and former wing commander who early in his career took part in the famed 1986 air strikes against Libya, will spearhead the Navy's contribution to the statutorily required review of the U.S. military enterprise, which is expected to revise the Defense Department's long-term blueprint by next February.

The director of warfare integration on the Navy Staff (N91), Donegan has held a number of key staff assignments; he has served as Navy Staff strategy and policy director, aide to the deputy chief of naval operations for plans, policy and operations, and director of operations, U.S. Central Command.

The two-star QDR representatives from the other services are Army Maj. Gen. John Rossi; Air Force Maj. Gen. Steven Kwast; and Marine Corps Maj. Gen. Kenneth McKenzie.

By Maggie Ybarra
March 11, 2013 at 4:33 PM

Kansas lawmakers are asking Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel to provide "a thorough, compelling explanation" for the Defense Department's decision to award a multimillion-dollar contract to build aircraft for the Afghan military to a foreign bidder at a higher price than its domestic competitor offered during a time when financial restraint "is mandatory" for DOD.

In a March 8 letter, Kansas Sens. Pat Roberts (R), Jerry Moran (R) and Rep. Mike Pompeo (R) told Hagel that they had "significant concerns" about the $427.5 million the Air Force awarded to Sierra Nevada Corp. and Brazil's Embraer last month. That contract would provide 20 light-attack aircraft to the Afghanistan air force as part of the Light Air Support program, with the first plane delivery scheduled for the summer of 2014. Pompeo told Inside the Air Force on Friday that the Kansas congressional delegation became concerned about the contract award after they discovered that Beechcraft Corp., which competed for and lost the contract, had offered to produce the planes at a vastly reduced price.

Beechcraft placed a bid on the contract that was about 30 percent less than the one the Air Force accepted from Sierra Nevada and Embraer, Pompeo said.

"We learned this week that America didn't have enough money to keep the White House open for tours, and yet it's got enough money to pay one-third more for an airplane? That's befuddling to me," he said.

Also on Friday, Beechcraft -- which has a production facility in Kansas -- announced that it planned to formally protest the Air Force's decision through the Government Accountability Office. The company offered to provide its AT-6 aircraft to Afghanistan while its competitors, Sierra Nevada and Embraer, offered to provide Afghanistan the A-29 Super Tucano aircraft.

By John Liang
March 11, 2013 at 3:59 PM

A report released today by the Center for a New American Security argues that the aircraft carrier "is in danger of becoming too vulnerable to be relevant in future conflicts."

The report, written by Navy Capt. Henry Hendrix, "examines the life-cycle costs and utility of the aircraft carrier and recommends a new approach for American naval operations," according to a CNAS statement, which adds:

Captain Hendrix explores the evolution of the aircraft carrier and suggests a course that emphasizes greater use of unmanned aerial systems as well as submarines in combination with long-range precision strike missiles. The author analyzes the value of naval presence and the carrier's efficiency and survivability before concluding: "The carrier had its day, but continuing to adhere to 100 years of aviation tradition, even in the face of a direct challenge, signals a failure of imagination and foreshadows decline. Money is tight, and as the nautical saying goes, the enemy has found our range. It is time to change course."

View the full report.

A senior Defense Department official said last week that the deferral of high-complexity, high-cost maintenance procedures as a result of sequestration and the limits of a continuing resolution could set DOD back by as much as 18 months for every one month those restrictions are in effect.

The implication from John Johns, the Pentagon's deputy assistant secretary for maintenance policy and programs, is that it could take DOD as long as nine years to fully recover from delaying work like an aircraft carrier overhaul by six months, Inside the Pentagon reported last week, adding:

The Navy is in the unenviable position of having to pause a refueling and complex overhaul of an aircraft carrier, a process that takes well more than a year to complete, and will have to deal with similar personnel costs.

"These are two carriers. One is in process right now and we will stop work on it," he said. "Imagine a year-to-18-month complex overhaul on a carrier, four months from completion. You stop work on it and send your workforce home. Thirty-seven-hundred people are working on that. How long do you think it will take to start that up?"

View the full story.

By John Liang
March 8, 2013 at 3:16 PM

Beechcraft Corp. announced this morning the company would formally protest the Air Force's award of the Light Air Support contract to its Brazilian competitor, Embraer.

In a statement, Beechcraft -- which used to be known as Hawker Beechcraft -- said:

"Following our debrief with the Air Force earlier this week, we are very perplexed by this decision," said Bill Boisture, CEO, Beechcraft. "Our belief that we have the best aircraft was confirmed by the Air Force rating our aircraft 'exceptional' and the fact that we are the lower cost solution was confirmed by the USAF’s public award announcement."

Last year, an Air Force investigation found evidence of bias toward Brazil-based Embraer and its Nevada-based partner, Sierra Nevada (SNC), which led to the decision to restart the competition. Although SNC later sued the Air Force attempting to enforce the biased decision, U.S. Court of Federal Claims Judge Christine O.C. Miller wrote in her Nov. 1, 2012, opinion that based on the investigation's evidence of bias "the Air Force's decision to cancel the contract award to SNC and re-solicit proposals was reasonable and rational and should stand."

"We simply don't understand how the Air Force can justify spending over 40 percent more -- over $125 million more -- for what we consider to be less capable aircraft," Boisture said. "Given our experience of last year and our continued strong concern that there are again significant errors in the process and evaluation in this competition, we are left with no recourse other than to file a protest with the GAO. The Air Force needs to make the right decision for the nation and our future allies."

Approximately 1,400 jobs in Kansas and other states are at risk as a result of the Air Force decision, according to Beechcraft's statement.

Check out Inside the Air Force's recent coverage of the LAS issue:

Sierra Nevada Wins Hotly Contested LAS Contract For Afghan Aircraft

Hawker Beechcraft Emerges From Bankruptcy, Prepares For LAS Contract

Hawker Focuses On Smart Weapons, Sees Light Attack Industry Growth

USAF Spokeswoman Says LAS CDI Results Show A Need For Improvement

House Staffers To Get Briefing On Light Air Support Requirements

By Christopher J. Castelli
March 7, 2013 at 10:41 PM

The Pentagon is keeping mum about how it will frame the 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review after receiving a letter from former top defense officials who believe the Defense Department should eschew the traditional QDR process and emulate the 1993 Bottom-Up Review by conducting a comprehensive assessment of the U.S. defense posture.

"We have seen the letter and respect its authors and their service to the country," said Defense Department spokesman Col. Jim Gregory. Politico and The New York Times reported this week on the letter, which was signed by five former deputy defense secretaries. "DOD will prepare a QDR report this year, as it is legally obligated to do, but the secretary has not yet issued specific guidance for the review process," Gregory added. That does not rule out a Bottom-Up Review; Gregory said Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel has not yet issued guidance for the QDR process, to include how it will be prepared.

In addition, Hagel has not yet picked the co-chairs of the independent panel that will assess the QDR, nor has he determined "how best to engage them during the review process," Gregory said.

By John Liang
March 7, 2013 at 10:24 PM

Michigan -- and the Senate Armed Services Committee -- is going to need a new senator in 2014.

Sen. Carl Levin (D-MI), chairman of the committee, announced this afternoon that he would not run for re-election in 2014.

In a statement, Levin said as he and his wife "struggled with the question of whether I should run again, we focused on our belief that our country is at a crossroads that will determine our economic health and security for decades to come. We decided that I can best serve my state and nation by concentrating in the next two years on the challenging issues before us that I am in a position to help address; in other words, by doing my job without the distraction of campaigning for re-election."

One of those issues is defense-related:

Finally, the next two years will also be important in dealing with fiscal pressures on our military readiness. As Chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee, I am determined to do all I can to address that issue. I also believe we need to pursue the rapid transfer of responsibility for Afghan security to the Afghans. And, as our troops come home, we must do a better job of caring for those who bear both the visible and invisible wounds of war.

By John Liang
March 7, 2013 at 4:38 PM

A new Congressional Research Service report finds that "understanding the costs associated with contractor support of overseas military operations could provide Congress more information upon which to weigh the relative costs and benefits of different military operations -- including contingency operations and maintaining bases around the world."

The March 1, 2013, report -- originally obtained by Secrecy News -- notes that the Defense Department "spends more on federal contracts than all other federal agencies combined." As for total contract obligations, the report states:

From FY1999 to FY2012, DOD contract obligations increased from $170 billion to $360 billion (in FY2012 dollars). However, over the last five fiscal years, adjusted for inflation, contract obligations dropped from a high of $420 billion in FY2008 to $360 billion in FY2012. DOD's contract obligations in FY2012 were equal to 10% of the entire federal budget.

And as for overseas contract obligations:

DOD obligated $44 billion (12% of total contract obligations) for contracts performed overseas in FY2012. Although much of these funds were to support operations in Afghanistan and Iraq, $18 billion (40%) was spent to support operations in other parts of the world.

DOD contract obligations for work performed overseas occurred primarily in the area under the jurisdiction of U.S. Central Command (59% of total), which includes the Iraq and Afghanistan areas of operation. DOD contractors working abroad performed their remaining work in the geographic regions that fall under U.S. European Command (25%), U.S. Pacific Command (11%), U.S. Northern Command (2%), U.S. Southern Command (1%), and U.S. African Command (1%).

Read the full report.

By John Liang
March 6, 2013 at 9:52 PM

The House this afternoon passed an omnibus spending package that includes a fiscal year 2013 defense spending bill agreed to by House and Senate defense appropriators, which would fund the military through September and grant the Pentagon authority to proceed with key elements of its weapons modernization program.

The spending levels in the bill would be subjected to cuts required by sequestration, triggered on March 1 and projected to reduce Pentagon spending by $43 billion through September if not replaced by a broad deficit-reduction plan.

House Armed Services Committee Ranking Member Adam Smith (D-WA) wasn't too thrilled about the legislation. In a statement released this afternoon, he said:

While this bill does allow the Department of Defense some discretion in implementing the across-the-board spending cuts through sequestration, it is a missed opportunity to remove these cuts all together and address our budget in a balanced way. Additionally, this bill fails to address the impact of sequestration on other important programs such as education, transportation, and scientific research.

We should be squarely focused on removing cuts through sequestration, not implementing them. Regardless of how the cuts are implemented, they will still be extremely damaging. The deep, indiscriminate cuts threaten jobs, our economy, and our national security. We must repeal sequestration.  This spending bill fails to end these devastating cuts and essentially locks them in for the remainder of the fiscal year without giving any department or agency, with the exception of the Department of Defense and Veterans Affairs, the ability to manage their budgets given our current budget situation.

It is my hope that the Senate will be able to pass a balanced approach that removes sequestration and provides our economy with some certainty.  Congress has a responsibility to the American people to address our fiscal issues in a balanced and effective way. Over the last ten years, we have dramatically cut taxes and increased spending. This is unsustainable. We need to take steps to address our long-term budget problems, but this bill is the wrong way to achieve that goal.

House Appropriations Committee Chairman Hal Rogers (R-KY) introduced the bill on March 4. It would appropriate $528.7 billion in base budget funding for the Defense Department and allow DOD to sign multiyear procurement contracts, increase production rates and launch new starts. As InsideDefense.com reported that day:

The Defense Department, along with the rest of the federal government, has operated since the start of the fiscal year under a stopgap spending measure -- due to expire on March 27 -- that includes standard provisions restricting the expansion of modernization efforts. The proposed spending bill would mark a step in the direction of normal budget order by funding the Pentagon for the balance of the year through a defense appropriations bill.

The proposed legislation includes $170 billion for Pentagon modernization accounts, of which $100 billion is slated for procurement and $70 billion is set for research and development. The procurement funding is $1.3 billion, or 1 percent, below the Obama administration's FY-13 request; the research and development request is $521 million higher than the amount the Pentagon originally requested.

These spending levels would be subjected to cuts required by sequestration, triggered on March 1 and projected to reduce Pentagon spending by $43 billion through September if not replaced by a broad deficit reduction plan.

The bill would also provide $86.9 billion to pay for overseas contingency operations, including $8.9 billion for war-related weapons procurement.

Read the full story (which has more details on funding for the Army, Navy, Air Force and Missile Defense Agency).

By John Liang
March 6, 2013 at 1:00 PM

Rep. Doug Lamborn (R-CO) is asking why the Missile Defense Agency is furloughing employees rather than making cuts elsewhere in its budget.

In a letter sent yesterday to MDA Director Vice Adm. James Syring, Lamborn writes:

Reportedly the MDA developed a budget scenario under sequestration where furloughs could be avoided and cuts could be taken elsewhere but the agency decided to proceed with furloughs anyway.

The greatest asset of the Missile Defense Agency is its people and I am deeply concerned by the possibility that MDA employees are facing furloughs unnecessarily. If there is a reasonable way for MDA to achieve the savings required by sequestration without imposing furloughs, I hope that furloughs can be avoided.

A statement from Lamborn's office notes that MDA's Missile Defense Integration and Operations Center is located at Schriever Air Force Base, CO.

By Lee Hudson
March 5, 2013 at 9:53 PM

Pentagon acquisition chief Frank Kendall told the National Defense Industrial Association yesterday that due to sequestration kicking in the Defense Department will likely be buying less equipment and signing fewer service contracts through the end of fiscal year 2013.

"To the extent we can continue operations while delaying and deferring new obligations until the uncertainty is resolved, we will do so," Kendall said in a letter to retired Air Force Lt. Gen. Lawrence Farrell, the president of NDIA.

Kendall said the funding reductions the department will absorb "will affect the full range of the Department's planned contract and grants and adversely affect the efficiency with which we acquire goods and services."

NDIA's member companies can expect to be contacted by DOD officials about specific decisions, according to Kendall.

"Now, more than ever, the Department and industry need to work together to identify courses of actions that will minimize the negative impacts that will inevitably result from sequestration and, wherever possible to preserve options should sequestration be reversed or modified," he added.

By John Liang
March 5, 2013 at 9:18 PM

The Senate Intelligence Committee today approved John Brennan to be CIA director by a 12-3 vote, sending his nomination to the full Senate.

"The vote came one day after Committee Chairman Dianne Feinstein (D-Calif.) reached an agreement with the White House to provide legal opinions on the targeted killings of Americans," according to a panel statement.

"I hope the Senate acts quickly to confirm" Brennan, committee Chairwoman Dianne Feinstein (D-CA) said in the statement, adding:

He draws on a deep well of experience -- 25 years as a CIA analyst, chief of station, manager, head of counterterrorism efforts and White House homeland security advisor. John was straightforward with the committee, answering all of our questions, and I believe he will be a candid partner at CIA and a strong leader of that critically important agency. No one is better prepared to be CIA director than Mr. Brennan. The CIA needs a confirmed director, and Majority Leader Reid is committed to moving quickly to schedule a vote.

Two issues unrelated to John Brennan delayed this vote -- additional details on the Benghazi attack and access to OLC opinions on targeted killings of American. I believe both of those issues have been addressed. The information I requested with Vice Chairman Chambliss on Benghazi has been or is being delivered, and just last night I reached an agreement with the White House to review all OLC opinions on targeted killings of Americans. It was unfortunate these issues delayed the process, but I am confident that they have been resolved.

By Christopher J. Castelli
March 5, 2013 at 7:26 PM

Pentagon Comptroller Robert Hale said today that the Defense Department probably will have to create "a new strategy" to replace the Defense Strategic Guidance that was released by President Obama a year ago, but when pressed afterward he clarified that he believes officials will revise the 2012 guidance, not rewrite it from scratch.

During an Aviation Week conference, Hale told the audience that formal work on creating the new strategy has not yet begun. He said it could be created in the context of the Quadrennial Defense Review process, but added that the strategy would be needed before the QDR process culminates in the release of a report to Congress early next year. As he was leaving the event, however, he told reporters he believes the Defense Strategic Guidance will be revised, not tossed out and replaced with something entirely new.

"I think we're going to have to revise it if we see these kinds of cuts," Hale said. Asked how extensive the revisions might be, he added, "I don't know. I'm not the strategy guy. I'm the budget guy." On Monday, Maj. Gen. Kenneth McKenzie, the Marine Corps' lead officer for the QDR, said the review should be steered by an up-front assessment of how diminishing resources might force the Obama administration to revise or rewrite its defense strategy. The QDR will help DOD assess the affordability of the Defense Strategic Guidance, but it will not be the means of devising a new strategy if one is needed, McKenzie said.

By Tony Bertuca
March 5, 2013 at 7:08 PM

Army leaders have sent out a service-wide message urging soldiers and civilians to remain focused on their missions and preserve their “espirt de corps” despite the $18 billion fiscal crisis barreling toward them.

The message, which was signed by Secretary John McHugh, Chief of Staff Gen. Raymond Odierno, and Sergeant Major of the Army Raymond Chandler, was distributed via email and the service's website yesterday evening.

“As you are aware, sequestration went into effect on Friday, March 1st,” the message begins. “This fiscal year alone, we face the potential of at least an $18 billion dollar shortfall in our Operations and Maintenance accounts, due to the combined impacts of sequestration, the continuing resolution and contingency funding. These are the funds that allow us to support operations, maintain readiness and pay our civilian workforce.”

The Army is referring to the current fiscal challenge as the “6-6-6” budget crisis. Those numbers stand for the $18 billion operation and maintenance funding shortfall the service faces in FY-13: a $6 billion gap brought on by sequestration, a $6 billion shortfall attributed to a congressional continuing resolution, and $6 billion in greater-than-expected warfighting expenses in Afghanistan. Another $6 billion would be cut from other accounts due to across-board sequestration, but the Army is not using that amount in its "6-6-6" messaging, as Inside the Army reports this week.

The service-wide message encourages soldiers and civilians to “remain focused on the fundamentals” as Army leaders handle the fiscal situation in Washington.

“Develop your soldiers, civilians and our future Army leaders; conduct tough, realistic mission-focused training; maintain and account for your equipment; be good stewards of your resources; and sustain the high level of esprit de corps in your organization,” the message states. “Our top priority is to ensure that our forces defending the homeland, those in Afghanistan and Korea, and those next to deploy and rotate into theater, have the resources required to execute their missions. We also recognize that along with risks to readiness, sequestration will also bring particular hardship to our civilian workforce.”

The Army leaders write that they will share information as it becomes available and that soldiers and civilians can expect to be updated at their various installations in the months ahead to “facilitate a dialogue and listen to your concerns and those of your family members.”

The authors close by urging soldiers and civilians to see the current challenge as “an opportunity to demonstrate, once again, our commitment to selfless service and our profession. . . . Army Strong!”

By John Liang
March 5, 2013 at 4:28 PM

Senate Armed Services Committee Chairman Carl Levin (D-MI) and Ranking Member James Inhofe (R-OK) today announced their appointments to the independent panel that will provide outside analysis of the Pentagon's 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review.

Levin has appointed retired Marine Corps Gen. James Cartwright and former Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Michèle Flournoy, while Inhofe's appointments are retired Air Force Gen. Gregory Martin and retired Army Lt. Gen. Michael Maples.

"General Cartwright and Michèle Flournoy enjoy exceptionally high respect throughout U.S. and international security policy communities for their life-long experience, deep understanding, and commitment to keeping America strong and safe," Levin said in a committee statement, adding: "Their contributions to the independent panel's assessment of the Defense Department's strategic review will help ensure that the entire process provides Congress and the nation with the best possible security analysis and recommendations as we continue to anticipate and adapt to these challenging times."

"The many years of military service, defense policy experience, and deep understanding of national security issues Gen. Martin and Lt. Gen. Maples bring will be invaluable to the panel as it evaluates the department's review of the strategic environment and makes its recommendations to adapt policies, programs and strategy for the challenges our national defense needs to address in the years ahead," Inhofe said in the same statement.

The statement further reads:

In requiring the QDR, Congress called for establishment of an independent panel of civilian experts to review the Defense Department's work. The independent panel is required to review the department’s force structure and resource recommendations and, within three months of the QDR's completion, to submit an assessment of the QDR to the congressional defense committees.

The 10-member independent panel is to include two appointees each from the chair and ranking members of the Senate and House defense committees, and a chairman and vice chairman appointed by the secretary of defense.

The QDR is a congressionally mandated, once-every-four years review of national defense strategy, force structure, modernization plans, infrastructure, budget plans and other elements defense policy. The 2014 QDR will be the fifth since Congress established the requirement in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997.

Check out InsideDefense.com's latest coverage of the upcoming QDR:

General: Defense Strategy Assessment Needed To Steer QDR
(DefenseAlert -- 03/04/2013)

Senior Official: Panetta Plans To Leave QDR Guidance To Hagel
(DefenseAlert -- 02/21/2013)

Official: Budget, Force Structure, Sizing May All Be QDR Topics
(Inside the Navy -- 01/28/2013)